DUNU LUNA

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DUNU
LUNA Pure Beryllium Rolled Foil Diaphragm Flagship Dynamic Driver MMCX HiFi
Audiophile In-Ear Earphone IEMs
Limited
Edition
Description
Concept,
Design Philosophy & Approach
DUNU has partnered with
Hangzhou-based industrial designer and long-time audiophile Moses Xu and his team for the LUNA. Xu
previously worked with DUNU on the industrial design for the DK-4001. The continued partnership marks
renewed focus by DUNU on putting forth a concerted design language for our
products.
LUNA is a story within itself, reflecting the spirit of the first moon landing
50 years ago, and elevating the manner in which in-ear monitors are perceived.「玥」the
representative Chinese character for the LUNA, signifies a heavenly,
pearlescent gift from the gods. And from this luminous, round canvas, Xu worked
to elevate every design element for the LUNA, blending them seamlessly with an
overarching moon landing theme.
LUNA’s circular, concave
faceplate serves as a physical representation for the changing albedo of the
moon across each moon phase, while the asymmetric lip delineates waxing and
waning crescentic shapes. The outer facet of LUNA’s CNC body of custom-formed
titanium alloy is sandblasted to reflect subtle specular highlights, just as
the craterous central concavity draws in a penumbra of shadow. The inner facet
of the body preserves distinct lines created by the machining process, creating
natural contour lines much like a topographic map. Functionally, the concave
recess and slanted lip allow LUNA to be inserted and removed comfortably.
Whereas the body of the LUNA is contoured, the beveled edges of the cable
connector interface represent a more technical facet to the moon theme --- an
abstract representation of the Apollo spacecraft, its Columbia commander
module, and its Eagle lander. Transitioning from man-made starkness to
celestial fluidity, the smooth, domed end cap serves as a point of transition
from human engineering to planetary body. From the side, with cables attached,
one can make out the profile of an orbital path taken to the moon. Finally, when
turned on its side, custom-made blue silicone tips serve as a reminder of Earth
as seen from the Moon.
Acoustic
Design, Fundamentals & Sound Tuning
So what makes LUNA special
and why was it so challenging to develop? It starts with a diaphragm
material made from pure beryllium.
Beryllium is believed to be the ideal speaker material. Historically reserved
for applications related to aerospace and medical fields, the metal was
identified to be exceptional for sound reproduction by way of several of its intrinsic
properties, beginning with its extremely high stiffness-to-mass ratio (high
Young's modulus, low density). It allows beryllium to possess a very high speed
of sound of over 12,000 meters per second, around two and a half times faster
than other commonly used cone/diaphragm materials like aluminum. The very low
Poisson's ratio of beryllium potentiates its ability to maintain pistonic
motion of the driver, even at the edges of a diaphragm, and in turn preserves
the imaging properties of the music being reproduced. The very high Debye
temperature of beryllium also means the lattice structure of the beryllium
metal is retained even at very high frequencies, translating to remarkable
treble evenness. All these unique properties of beryllium enable audio designers
to gain extra octaves of clean, non-distorting, non-ringing, high-resolution
sonic output at both ends of the sonic spectrum.
This reputation of beryllium as a wonder material for audio has translated to a
bevy of products made to contain beryllium as a diaphragm component. Only a
tiny handful, though, use truly acoustic grade, rolled foil beryllium. Instead,
most are created via physical vapor deposition (PVD), sputtering a thin film of
beryllium onto a conventional polymer diaphragm material like PET within a
vacuum environment. This coating technique was first introduced with Pioneer's
famed TAD division back in the late 1970s, when it deposited multiple thin
layers of beryllium atop aluminum domes. Our own 17th Anniversary Limited
Edition model, DK-4001, DK-3001 PRO, TITAN 6, and upcoming DK-2001 also all
utilize speaker diaphragms with beryllium coated via PVD to varying thicknesses.
While this technique
remains an economically viable means of delivering a beryllium-like sound
quality to the listener, several major challenges are associated with PVD
beryllium coatings: durability, limitations to thickness, and non-ideal metal
grain structure. These coatings are often brittle, only a few microns in
thickness, and possess a relatively coarse grain structure. Rolled foil
beryllium overcomes these limitations, and that is why flagship level products
in the speaker and full-sized headphone world tend to use this type of
beryllium material. It is more durable, thicker, and finer-grained.
The acoustic grade rolled foil beryllium at the heart of LUNA's 10 milimeter
speaker module is sourced from Materion
Corporation (née Brush Wellman Electrofusion), the world's
foremost extractor and processor of beryllium metals. Having supplied NASA and
the top aerospace conglomerates in the world, as well as major medical device
manufacturers, no one has the same amount of experience in refining and
processing beryllium. They have a beryllium mine in Utah, a primary processing
plant in Ohio, and an advanced processing factory in California. Their TruExtent® speaker
domes are used in the highest end hi-fi speaker systems and headphones in the
world.
We took the same technology and miniaturized it to the in-ear level.
The major engineering hurdle DUNU had to overcome during the development of the
LUNA was the process of getting the rolled foil beryllium diaphragm to be
bonded circumferentially to a very thin polyurethane suspension. Doing so
required formulating bespoke glues, lightweight and thin enough so as not to
impact the total weight of the acoustic system, and reliable enough to be glued
evenly against a very thin lip and still confer enough durability to sustain
the immense mechanical energy delivered during driver excursion. To harness and
control the motion of the beryllium foil, LUNA's N52 Neodymium magnetic system
was custom-ordered with added thickness for much higher magnetic flux across
the European-imported CCAW voice coil.
After many design
iterations, DUNU was able to meet and exceed our target performance metrics in
our computer simulations, and further proved by high-speed vibrometry conducted
by a third-party entity. The next step was refining the sound tuning, and this
step had to start with the housing material. The base material of the housings
for LUNA began as grade 5 titanium alloy. Known for its structural integrity,
grade 5 titanium alloy is notable for its prevalent, workhorse-type use in
aerospace and other industries where the strength of titanium is its highly
important. But we reformulated this alloy with a custom-modified composition to
minimize the ringing properties of titanium. Doing so allowed DUNU to bring out
the natural, ‘colorless’ timbre of its beryllium driver.
As our flagship product,
LUNA was tuned to a reference sound signature --- deep and natural imaging,
even and smooth from top to bottom, and maximized for extension at both ends.
The result is the most supremely detailed, transparent, sumptuous sounding
earpiece ever crafted by DUNU. It is our best representative of beryllium’s
full sonic potential, and we are absolutely thrilled to have everyone
experience LUNA
Specification
Frequency response:5hz-40khz
THD:0.2% at 1khz
Impedance:16ohm
Sensivity:110dB at 1khz
Driver:10mm acoustic-grade
pure beryllium rolled foil with polyurethane suspension
Housing material: titan
alloy , grade 5
Cable material: mixed
strand of furukawa electric ohno continuous cast(OCC) Copper&DHC silver
,with silver-plated OCC copper shield surround
Cable connector: patented
catch-hold ®mmcx connector
Net weight:10.3g
Cable lengthL1.2m
Package
DUNU LUNA
Shipping
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